In countries such as Brazil, Bangladesh, Cyprus, Macao, Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, and Singapore, women earn 60 percent less than what men earn (256). Although U.S. figures aren’t as extreme as these, women face discrimination in the workplace. In 1999, women held only 5.1 percent of top executive management positions, and only 3.3 percent of companies’ highest paid workers were women (256). The term glass ceiling is used to describe the situation in which qualified women aspire to …showed first 75 words of 858 total…

…showed last 75 words of 858 total…how an organization could act to reduce them. Companies can make an effort not to isolate women in particular job categories. Company managers can avoid falling into the notion that specific jobs require “masculine” qualities by examining job-related assumptions. They can base judgments of whether workers should be hired or promoted on clear and concise criteria. Last, they can develop formal guidelines to be modeled and enforced by top-level management about how to avoid discrimination (265).