Jack London Jack London made a significant contribution to the American cultures as a writer; he used Darwinian determinism, Nietzschean theories and adventure in his writings. (World Bio Pg. 2225) Jack London was born in San Francisco; his father William Chaney was a traveling astrologer and his mother Flora Wellman a spiritualist. He was abandon shortly after birth and took his stepfathers last name, John London a farmer. Because of his poor living conditions Jack had …showed first 75 words of 711 total…

…showed last 75 words of 711 total…and Canada. (World Bio Pg. 2223) Work Cited Jack London History. Jan 21,2000. E-agency. 11 Jan 2002http://www.jacklondonsquare.com/historyframe.html “London Jack”. World Book Encyclopedia. 1999 Pizer,Donald.JackLondon.Historychannel. 11 Jan 2001http://www.historychannel.com/ Moss, Joyce and George Wilson. “The Call of the Wild”. Literature and its Times. Susan Trosky. 4 vol. Detroit: Gale, 1997 “London, Jack”, North American Biographies. Naomi, Starr. Vol. 10. Connecticut: Grolier Edu. 1994 Blair, Walter. “London”. Encyclopedia Of World Biography. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1973. 555-556