In order to fully explain the process of protein synthesis an understanding of the cell itself is fundamental as all processes occur there. The cell contains carbohydrates (sugars, starch, etc..) found in the cytoplasm and the cell membrane; lipids (fat) composing the structure of cell walls which are also broken down for energy and, most importantly, proteins which are made up of amino acids, nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) and nutrients (vitamins, minerals and water). Founded …showed first 75 words of 1316 total…

…showed last 75 words of 1316 total…altered through mutation (a change in DNA), the manufacture of some proteins will not occur, therefore preventing the proper function of the cell, if it functions at all. These changes can be observed through the phenotypes which are the detectable physical characteristics of an organism and expressions of genotypes, which is the genetic makeup of an individual. Genotype can refer to an organism’s entire genetic makeup or to the alleles at a particular locus.