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…showed last 75 words of 571 total…estoppel, which means forbidding retrying of factual issues that have already been determined. This applies not only to civil cases but also made applicable to criminal cases by the Supreme Court. It's commonly referred to as the prosecution having only "one fair shot" at finding a defendant guilty. Res judicata and collateral estoppel relieve parties of the costs and vexation of multiple lawsuits, conserve judicial resources, and, by preventing inconsistent decisions, encourage reliance on determination.