Baddeley (1966) Acoustic, semantic & visual coding Aims: To contrast the coding of short term and long term memory. Participants: Opportunity sample. Procedure: Participants were given four sets of words to recall; Set A Acoustically similar Set B Acoustically dissimilar Set C Semantically similar Set D Semantically dissimilar Participants were asked to recall the words either immediately or after an interval of time. Results: When participants were asked to recall the words immediately, therefore using short term …showed first 75 words of 1352 total…

…showed last 75 words of 1352 total…to distinguish five or more they become confused. If research participants are shown an arrangement of dots, flashed onto a screen they can count 5 or 6 easily. More than that number and the accuracy deteriorates. This suggests that memory span is for about 5 or 6 items. This might suggest that one should be able to remember a string of about 7 letters but chunking creates less pieces of information i.e. CATWALL is two chunks rather than 7 letters.